What Has to be Done About Mental Health Argumentative Essay Topics

What Has to be Done About Mental Health Argumentative Essay Topics What About Mental Health Argumentative Essay Topics? What's important is to divide the paper into the key topics and lots of subtopics. Quite frequently, college essay topics prove to be more challenging than students expected, therefore it may be reasonable to request aid. Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. There are several persuasive essay topics to select from to finish your high school or college assignment. You're guaranteed the communication essay is going to be that which you've asked for. An argumentative essay requires you to choose a topic and have a position on it. As mentioned above, it must be objective. If you're writing an argumentative essay on mental well-being, you are certain to compose an engaging essay. Also, you should be passionate about this issue. In addition, the topic is going to have to be at least slightly divisive. Therefore, it will have to be well thought out because it will determine the quality of your paper. You might want to make certain that you select a topic that you're interested in. The price of prescription drugs is too large. Soft drugs aren't soft in any respect. Mental wellness is often superficially covered if at all, yet it's equally as crucial to a person's health. Birth control pills need to be more available. Why you ought to take care of your teeth. Mental health conditions are extremely risky health hazards which should be addressed with the visual appeal of the slightest symptoms. Mentally ill patients wind up in prison and stay longer because almost all of them cannot adhere to the strict rules on account of the nature of their condition in comparison to other prisoners. Therefore, mental health needs to be treated with extra care. Hiring someone to write a college essay is such an excellent approach to acquire a great result when you speak about a customized essay. If you are going to compose a persuasive essay on mental health then you first should understand the purpose and fashion of such assignment. If you are supposed to create a persuasive assignment then you ought to think about delivering a speech. At exactly the same time, it's a fantastic persuasive essay idea. There's no need in making a determination, which health problem or phenomena is more urgent at this time or what's left in the shadows and should be enlightened at least in your essay. Turn to the outline every time you're losing the point. The outline is a huge place to continue to keep your thoughts organized. All you will need is a great example which is going to be a good starting point for your writing. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics as you need opposing points that you are able to counter to your own points. The question could be part of your introduction, or it may make a fantastic title. Thus, you can ask all the essential questions and consult on some points. The Mental Health Argumentative Essay Topics Stories Food shouldn't be used for fuel. Travel health should be given more importance. The list of ideas is supplied below. You can be totally sure your paper is going to be delivered in time and be of the maximum quality. There are lots of issues that will need to get tackled and shed light on. You will need to conduct a detailed research and propose your own remedy to the current issue. Besides the opportunity to enhance your writing skills, you will likewise be able to raise awareness in your classroom.

The Effects Of Parenting Styles And Its Effects On...

Children become increasingly more interesting individuals as they advance developmentally in life. During a child’s preschool years, they grow and become even more independent beings from their parents. There are rapid changes in their development that occur physically, emotionally, socially, and cognitively. In this research paper, three topics were developed in order to further understand the relationship between parenting styles and its effects on preschoolers’ growth, more specifically, their personalities and social development. The topics that will be discussed in the research paper are the effects of children’s temperament on parenting styles, specifically authoritarian and authoritative parenting styles, the personalities displayed†¦show more content†¦The next parenting style and the best of all four is called the authoritative parenting style. These parents set clear and consistent boundaries and are firm on rules. Despite being strict, they ar e also supportive and loving. They take their time to explain and reason with their children as to why they should act a certain way and possible consequences otherwise. The children of authoritative parents are usually very independent, self-confident, sociable and pleasant, and successful. They generally display self-regulation and positive behaviour (Feldman Landry, 2014, p.172). What are the effects of each parenting style to children’s temperament? According to Laukkanen et al. (2013), there is an association between children’s temperamental characteristics and parenting styles (Laukkanen, Ojansuu, Tolvanen, Alatupa, Aunola, 2013, p. 312). Temperament refers to the innate emotional and behavioural responses of children. Parenting is quite a challenging job in adulthood which can be especially demanding when the child has a temperament that is difficult to handle. This can affect parents’ approach to child-rearing. Difficult temperament such as withdrawal or shyness to people or events, low positivity, high negativity, low attention regulation, and high impulsivity and hyperactivity are said to be related to childhood problem behaviours (Laukkanen et al., 2013, p. 313). These potential behavioural problems could cause conflicts and stress

Electronic Message Analysis for Malware Detection

Question: Discuss about the Electronic Message Analysis for Malware Detection. Answer: Introduction The Internet keeps on developing exponentially till date. Governments, Individuals and business organizations rely on the Internet, as it provides quick remuneration to end users of the services. With all these benefits it also poses some security and privacy risks. The services through the internet will depend on the bandwidth of the connection, use of security mechanisms and the used type of connection. The following report explores the different processes important to connect to the internet and the risks related to it. Some of the most important roles of ISP are providing Internet access, providing personal web space on internet or web hosting services and providing mailing services Description of services provided by ISPs Providing Internet access: The most important role of the ISPs is, they help the users to connect their workstations to the internet. This enables the users to send and receive data from the different resources available on internet. Providing personal web space on internet or web hosting services: Most of the ISPs also host private websites and provide allocate domains (web space) to the private or public organizations. Providing mailing services: ISPs also provide Email services to the users or its clients. The amount of storage for this e mail services by the ISPs differ according to the different ISPs. Prices for Web space from two ISPs Name Price Features eirhost.com 33.00 Provides 10 GB/mo bandwidth. Daily backup.600 email accounts. nua.ie 125.00 Provides 15GB/mo bandwidth .5 MySQL databases.1000 email accounts.Domain name The domain name can be thought as a unique name that is used to identify a site using the domain name system (DNS). This is used to represent a specific internet protocol or a server system that is used for the hosing of a website. For Crumlin, as the company wants to secure its client data, the domain name, crumlinsec.ie is available with the annual fees of 24.99 on eirhost.com. For the websites, the bandwidth is defined as the amount of data that can be transmitted through a medium in a fixed amount of time. The example of a site that has a high bandwidth is Netflix. Digital signature In order to protect the computer system at the organization it should train its employees not to open the emails and attachments in it to avoid the infection of the virus on the system. Additionally the company should use latest antivirus programs. The users can use the digital signatures that are used to provide the information about the owner of the information by generating a one way hash key. The senders and receivers private and public keys are used to encrypt and decrypt data before sending the data. The cookies are some kind messages that are received by the web browsers from any web server. The cookie stores the personal information of the users which they inserted on the website and is packed and sent back to the web browsers from the server. If the user frequently visits a specific site then the cookies are helpful in logging in to the site. The encryption is another technique to protect the confidentiality of the users information. The encrypted data can be only decrypted by the intended users public or private key. A firewall is a framework intended to keep unapproved and un-authenticated users access to or from a private/ organizational computer networks. Firewalls are much of the time used to keep unapproved Internet users from getting to private systems associated with the Internet (frequently denoted as intranets for the organizations). All the data packets entering or leaving the intranet go through the firewall, which looks at every message for some predefined criteria. The filtering softwares mainly depends on the three main activities theses are, key word blocking, web rating systems and site blocking. The key word blocking works on principle of blocking the content or the site if it contains some specific key words. The web rating system works on the emerging techniques that rates the websites depending upon the offensive content, violence etc, the higher the rating is the more the site is objectionable. The last one is, site blocking. In this technique the filtering software blocks the sites that are listed by the users. Methods of internet connection their usage levels, speed and cost In case of the wired broadband connection, the service providers use the fibre optic technology that converts the electrical signal into light and transmits through this medium. Service provider Usage level Speed cost Imagine 20GB/day 70Mb/sec 59.99/mo Eir Unlimited 100Mb/sec 60/mo For the wireless broadband connection, Service provider Usage level Speed cost Virgin media unlimited 240Mb/sec 35/mo eir unlimited 100Mb/sec 35/mo Pure Telecom unlimited 100Mb/sec 29/mo Evaluation of internet as a research tool The internet is considered as the powerful medium for accessing and sharing of the information. As a research tool, the internet enables us prompt access to a lot of data with reference to a specific point or subject. Search engines with web crawler can recover in no time flat a rundown of sites positioned by their significance to that specific subject. Be that as it may, pertinence is for all intents and purposes the main parameter considered via web indexes. This implies selecting what data is helpful and which not can be tedious and frequently non-gainful without an attentive screening of those results. Through the Internet individual users can get to a lot of data with reference to a required subject in a brief span and without worrying about the geographic obstructions, permitting them to counsel diverse point of views of different individuals on that particular subject. The web is likewise adaptable and simple to access, without geographic and time limits. By the by the dependability of a source can be questionable and insecure. Institutional locales confirm the unwavering quality of the data and its auspiciousness has a tendency to be stable in nature. Logical recommendations based on the analysis of information The organization is connecting to the internet for the first time; therefore it should carefully connect its workstations of the employees to the internet. In order to do this, the company should build an intranet of the systems at the organization. Additionally, it should implement the firewalls so that only the authorized users can use the systems. As the speed is related to the bandwidth depending on which the ISPs determine the prices for the connection. Therefore, with the higher bandwidth for the connection the price for the connection also increases. The mail boxes, web servers and the databases containing the client data needs to be protected from the un-authorized users and cyber attacks. For the home use the wireless broadband connection is suitable as there is less amount of risks of cyber attacks on the contrary the organizations should considers about adopting the wired broadband connections that provides better speed and better security mechanisms. Conclusion As new company that is going to connect with to the internet in order to provide better client survives, the Crumlin also have to confront the different issues related to it. As a new organization that is going to connect with the internet; along with the benefits, these system based applications and administrations can pose security threats and risks to people and to the information assets of organizations Like the confidentiality, security and privacy of the clients data. Thus patching the applications, use of encryption and wired connection can provide a secured IT infrastructure for the company. Bibliography Aziz, A., Uyeno, H., Manni, J., Amin, M. and Staniford, S., Fireeye, Inc., 2015.Electronic message analysis for malware detection. U.S. Patent 9,106,694. Chen, Z., Dong, W., Li, H., Zhang, P., Chen, X. and Cao, J., 2014. Collaborative network security in multi-tenant data center for cloud computing.Tsinghua Science and Technology,19(1), pp.82-94. Gan, C., Yang, X., Zhu, Q., Jin, J. and He, L., 2013. The spread of computer virus under the effect of external computers.Nonlinear Dynamics,73(3), pp.1615-1620. Kaur, T., Malhotra, V. and Singh, D., 2014. Comparison of network security tools-firewall, intrusion detection system and Honeypot.Int. J. Enhanced Res. Sci. Technol. Eng, pp.200-204. Lin, D., Emc Corporation, 2015.Anomaly detection system for enterprise network security. U.S. Patent 9,112,895. Peng, M., He, X., Huang, J. and Dong, T., 2013. Modeling computer virus and its dynamics.Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2013. Wang, L., Jajodia, S., Singhal, A., Cheng, P. and Noel, S., 2014. k-zero day safety: A network security metric for measuring the risk of unknown vulnerabilities.IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing,11(1), pp.30-44. Zhang, C. and Huang, H., 2016. Optimal control strategy for a novel computer virus propagation model on scale-free networks.Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications,451, pp.251-265.

The Rise And Fall Of Kingfisher Airlines Tourism Essay Essay Example

The Rise And Fall Of Kingfisher Airlines Tourism Essay Paper Kingfisher is a major air hose based in Mumbai, India. It is the 5th Indias air hoses that provide largest rider air hose in which international and domestic flights are provided to the clients with really flexible menus. Kingfisher is one of the largest air hoses in India and it was established in 2003. It is owned by the Bengaluru based United Breweries Group. Basically the commercial operations are started in 9 may 2005 with the fleet of four new Airbus A320-200s Operating flight from Mumbai to Delhi. Then the following international operations are started on 3 September 2008 by linking from Bengaluru to London. We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise And Fall Of Kingfisher Airlines Tourism Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise And Fall Of Kingfisher Airlines Tourism Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise And Fall Of Kingfisher Airlines Tourism Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Kingfisher air hose has been confronting fiscal issues for many old ages. Kingfisher air hoses have the 2nd largest portion in the air travel market till December 2011. However due to the acerb fiscal crisis faced by the Kingfishers air hose, it has now the 5th largest market portion presently and merely above Go Air Airlines. Kingfisher Airlines is one of the lone seven air hoses that are awarded 5-star evaluation by Skytrax along with Cathay Pacific, Qatar Airways, Asiana Airlines, Malaysia Airlines, Singapore Airlines, and Hainan Airlines. Kingfisher operates 250 day-to-day flights including domestic and international services. Kingfisher Airlines carry more than 1 million riders which help the Kingfishers Airlines to do the highest market portion among all other air hoses in India in May 2009. Kingfisher besides holds the Skytrax award for one of the India s best air hose of the twelvemonth 2011. Background: Main issue of the ruin of the Kingfisher Airline. All things are traveling in a really good mode and kingfisher is at its extremum but in 2005 the air hose faced many jobs in the operations, the Airlines so reported as in loss. But the state of affairs become worst when the new air hoses called Air Deccan is adopted by the Kingfisher air hose in 2007. Due the coaction with the new air hose the Kingfisher suffered a loss of over Rs. 1,000 Crore continuously for 3 old ages. In the Starting of 2012, the staff of Kingfisher air hose is traveling on work stoppages and it besides faced a really large loss of over Rs. 7,000 Crore with half of the money is bankrupted. In this tough state of affairs the faces chiefly faced fiscal job and to get the better of the state of affairs the air hose went for loans, so that they can cover it. But the heavy involvement and debt, in November 2010, the company adopted a manner to diminish the load the air hose adopted debt restructuring on those entire 18 taking loaners, those have landed entire Rs. 8,000 crores, they agree to cut the involvement the rates and convert portion of loan into equity. As per the contract the loaners have to change over the debt into portions which is converted into equity. Due to this company able to cut down the mean involvement to 11 % and salvage Rs. 500 Crore every twe lvemonth in the involvement cost. The usage of the scheme Debt restructuring besides did nt assist the air hose a batch ; no uncertainty by utilizing this it reduced the involvement charges by Rs. 500 crores every twelvemonth, but due to the high addition in cost and many other factors the company started faced jobs of liquidness. Due to no financess available the company besides faced these types of jobs like delayed wage there are over 6,000 workers which are working in the company and after the fiscal crisis company have delayed wages of the staff that will impact the workers a batch because they are working like the same and we can state they are working more than normal but these type of jobs decrease the workers morale and dissatisfaction factor besides arises. Due to the non-availability of the financess they are besides many things that will consequence like due fuel, Service revenue enhancement, Air craft rental rental due and many more. Current Situation: Problem still continues Kingfisher air hoses started to project down into fresh crisis. Many flights are cancelled and many aircrafts are grounded. The company shut down many of import international operations and closed the engagement of the tickets. Kingfishers have many aircraft and merely few were runing and soon really less aeroplanes are runing and this dropped extremely in market portion. Main taking State bank of India besides non giving more loans to the company unless they pay the old sum. Now a twenty-four hours it is really difficult state of affairs for kingfisher air hoses in recent months. The service of air hose provided by Vijay Mallya is non glamourous as it was old times because many flights are cancelled when clients are waiting to going and this will undervalue a batch to client. The direction is chief issue here in the Kingfisher air hoses they need some expert CEO s that aid to look into the activities every twenty-four hours but Vijay Mallya is the lone 1 that control the whole company this may be the biggest cause of ruin of the kingfisher air hoses. In large organisations tonss of treatment and suggestions are needed that aid to do any determination easy. This causes which disturbs the relation between the employees and Vijay Mallya because there must be some clip given to each and every employee so that they feel motivated and experience their suggestions or any demand of aid are given by the company, this help them to remain satisfied and they work with their full attempt. Vijay Mallya ever kept stating that the ground behind ruin of company is that the lifting fuel pricing and other factors contributed the ruin of the company. But there are other factors besides. Some other grounds that besides contribute to the ruin of the kingfisher air hose: Sociological: Now a yearss going by plane is non a large issue because there are batch of air hoses from which we can choose any one harmonizing to our fiscal position. Every flight has its ain manner of handling riders because in today s universe traveling one topographic point to another is non a large trade all affairs how was our journey what are the experience and how comfy are you in the whole journey. As being a 5 star air hose they provide good service to the riders but the monetary values are besides really high merely the high profile or above the economic degree people adopt Kingfisher air hose. Due to the epicurean degree of intervention they are willing to pay more than other air hoses charge. But they have to be economical so every economic individual can besides hold the experience this type of epicurean intervention this besides help them to garner more and more clients. Technological: In today s universe engineering plays a great function in any type of the company. Kingfisher air hoses do nt supply a Television screen on the dorsum of the place, so that every rider has its ain personal Television. Now people use engineering they want to make the whole work with the aid of cyberspace and make all the work while sitting in their place. This besides attracts clients to make all the booking while loosen uping in their place and they do nt necessitate to stand in the long waiting lines on the ticket counters. Economic: Now a yearss economic issues is a major concern because people are now look into non merely the epicurean intervention they besides check whether it is deserving traveling or non. There a batch of bank recognition options that are available in the instance of going this are besides the ground that affects the gross revenues of the air power industries. In India there are batch of factors that affect the administration like the rising prices, involvement rates and recession. There are authorities policies that consequence the administration a batch. There are lot things which have to see while be aftering the economic factors because that depend a batch on the success of the administration. Ecological: Nature besides consequence the air power industry a batch because the clime affects a batch on the air power industry conditions should be stable in the clip of the flights because if the clime is non good they are delayed and this disturb the clients a batch. Passengers who pay so many sums to acquire good service and comfy journey in between if something go on this disturbs a batch. If something happen like hold in the flights air hose have to supply installation and adjustment for the clients this costs a batch to the air hoses but they have to make for the riders to quiet them down and this help them to understand the job and they do nt take any opportunities to lose the clients because if the client have any bad experience they might non travel following clip with the same flight because they are many others options available to them. In India conditions is stable for most of the clip and riders are non use to these type of state of affairs so aviation industry must be prepared if any thing happens. Political: In India in every 5 old ages authorities alterations and besides it is a democratic state. Kingfishers have great benefit of this because the proprietor of kingfisher Vijay Mallya have good political web which helps to their air hose. No uncertainty, the political web is great but this non ever assist because all have to follow the authorities policies and regulations. Legal: Rising Fuel pricing is besides the chief issue in India. The air power industries have to pay big sum of money for fuel. To get the better of this job air power industry addition of lessening the degree of services to the riders which help them to cover it up. Ethical: American indians are really ethical people they ever think before purchasing anything they ever check which thing is good for them and besides gives some benefits to them. Like in India there a batch stationary merchandises which are collaborated with some non-profit institute or any other institute which gives some sum when person purchase it, bulk of people willing to purchase that merchandise because they help the destitute people. In past Kingfisher gives value for the money that is why people are willing to give more money after all kingfisher air hose is the 5 star rated air hoses. Analysis: No uncertainty kingfisher air hoses are one of the successful air hoses in India. But there are batch pros and cons at that place which lead them to downfall of the successful air hose. Professionals: Kingfisher is one of the epicurean flights in India. Kingfisher is a well-known trade name and the fiscal position of the organisation is really good. The connexions between the political and the proprietor of the Kingfisher air hoses are really strong. Kingfisher has a strong relationship with parent United Breweries Group which supports them a batch. The client service is really healthy. Kingfisher supply really epicurean journey to the riders. The staff is extremely trained and really professional with clients. Cons: The direction patterns are really hapless and the organisation construction is non formed decently. Kingfisher air hose is non bring forthing the expected returns from they are passing. Gross saless are acquiring lower and lower due to cancellation and delayed flights which clients do nt wish it. Due to the 5 star trade name of the company it is passing more than usually which is really difficult to retrieve the money. Thingss need some alterations: There are tonss of things which are needed to be alteration which help the kingfisher air hoses to retrieve. Aviation industry is now yearss are really popular and competition is acquiring tough and tough. To successfully run the air power industry there are many things which have to maintain in the head while successfully run the concern. In Kingfisher merely the proprietor Vijay Mallya is holding the direct control on the concern and due this there is jobs occur. In kingfisher there is immense web and there are many employee plants at that place and to fulfill the demands of the employee merely one individual can non maintain it. There must be some professionally and to the full trained CEO must be hired to command whatever is the state of affairs. Vijay Mallya besides taken incorrect measure while cutting the wage of the employees and even the wages are delayed for many months and harmonizing to the Herzberg s Motivator-Hygiene Model the clients are Dissatisfied because they are non acquiring the wage on clip. In the recession period of Kingfisher air hoses they besides misbehaved with some clients due to the defeat and this will lose their clients. In this period the Kingfisher air hoses introduced a new air hose called Kingfisher red to cover some disbursals because it is relatively low cost. Once there is an incident occurs riders booked the ticket for Kingfisher Airlines and when they come to the flight the realize that this is non Kingfisher fisher this is Kingfisher ruddy and when the rider asked for that so they asked that there is proficient issue in the web site it was non separating the two air hoses otherwise but this is non a valid ground because as I said earlier that the engineering plays a great function in today s universe people are now yearss really techno used and they know which flight they are booking. The chief inquiry is that why the kingfisher is running a inexpensive air hose after all Kingfisher is one of the top trade name 5 star air hose this reduces the repute of the air hose and besides misconducting with clients besides give incorrect impact on them so to manage this Kingfisher air hoses must be hold some agreement to manage this type of material. To make so see staff is required and if any struggles occur so manage them with attention so that no rider acquire disquieted and experience colored everyone should be treated same. Competition besides have a major issue because while viing with other Aviation air hoses they have to see so many expects that will impact the Kingfisher air hoses because other air hoses provide more installation and at that place low cost of the menu attracts the clients, But Kingfisher Airlines have to make some schemes so that they can maintain their clients. Competition is non merely with Aviation industry in India bulk of people will travel for the low cost bearers in India. Railwaies are besides rivals because now Indian Railwaies are safe manner to go and they cost really less as compared to air hose. So to be after harmonizing to the budget of the air hoses and every bit economical to the people, trained CEO s are required to make the occupation done good. Owner of Kingfisher air hoses Vijay Mallya besides done one more thing that they merely targeted the riders that are willing to pay more than normal. They merely need epicurean intervention, this is a good but in the clip period of 2005 to 2008 is really easy earned money period for Kingfisher and Vijay Mallya besides make so much net income so he invested money on others topographic points like Cricket, Alcohol and many more. Due to the easy money Mallya expanded a batch their imperium that is really hard to manage and this is one of the ground which makes the Kingfisher into problem. Kingfisher Airlines have to take following measure to do things good: With batch of addition in loss of Kingfisher air hoses and delinquent of revenue enhancement, fuel providers and airdromes and merely few of the flights are working. If they want to once more successfully run the concern so boosters need to put some money foremost so the Kingfisher air hoses foremost clear the due of fuel and overdue of the revenue enhancement with this money and so they should step up the ladder of success. The morale of the employees should be considered foremost because they are the really of import to the Kingfisher air hose particularly the staff and pilots they should neer be dissatisfied. So Kingfisher air hoses should must unclutter all the due of the wage of the employees because due to unpaid they have to endure and their households besides suffer with them. They ca nt afford to lose quality pilots and if this will go on it may be go on that the works should close down in future. Aircrafts used in the Kingfishers used now is really less and due to the misdirection of the staff and between the proprietor leads them to failure because as I discussed earlier Mallya ever have the direct control of the concern and may be some factors that are left which are non considered by Mallya that affects a batch to the Organization. The perceptual experience of the Owner may be someway incorrect that is why the organisation construction should be clear and should be made by assorted gifted heads that help to success of the air hoses. Decision Kingfisher is one of the taking and successful air hoses in India. The ground behind the ruin of the air hose is mentioned above and there are many other factors which besides the ground behind the ruin of the Kingfisher air hose. The organisational construction is chiefly the major concern in the Kingfisher air hoses. In get downing the kingfisher is at its extremum at that clip period is the best clip to spread out the concern but due to the immense benefits the staff and pilots and the disbursals is besides become more and more and to successfully pull off it many talented individual are required, no uncertainty they have experienced staff and epicurean intervention they give to the riders but to form the whole staff and the air hose merely Vijay Mallya is holding the direct control on it and this occurs misinterpretation. When the concern is holding great net income so we must hold to more qui vives because when this happen the other rivals ever seek to acquire problem so we ca nt do net incomes. Like the other rivals of kingfisher is giving more installation and the cost of other air hoses are besides less than it is hard to pull off for Kingfisher air hoses because they are the really epicurean and the cost of the flights are besides high because due to the trade name name they have to handle the riders like they are treated antecedently and this is really hard to manage but this can be handled by professionals so that the riders non experience and alter but this scheme gives benefits to the air hose and assorted schemes are required to make it. Some of them are mentioned above but the organisation behaviour plays a great function to pull off the people in the organisation. This helps the staff and employee and higher position individuals and proprietor to successfully run the concern and keep a hea lthy relation between them.

Reconstruction of Fairy Tales Essays

Reconstruction of Fairy Tales Essays Reconstruction of Fairy Tales Essay Reconstruction of Fairy Tales Essay Reconstruction of Fairy Tales People can transfer a fairy tale from generation to generation and learned from it. However, these days, children rarely come into contact with the complete fairy tales because they always read fairy tales through TV, magazines, etc. These media will always simplify the full text of fairy tales by cutting parts that seem not affect the plot of the story such as the Disneys animated version. But this simplification indeed minimized the value of the story and fairy tales became nonsense pastimes. The story telling is a means of teaching the child the social norms of their nation. There as a time when female writers were led to believe that their gender prevented their works from being taken seriously. Patriarchal gaze which occupied the right in literature discourages women from fully experiencing their sexuality in writing. However, contemporary writers and directors attempt to rewrite and remake fairy tales, let alone their desire for artistic creativity through editing new books, movies as an entertainment. Revised contemporary fairy tales with narratives opposed to simplification of stories and normalization of women, can be more active contributors to new construction of sexual representations. Contemporary, a variety of feminist scholars have sought to understand how alternative spectator positions, including a feminine gaze, can function to resist patriarchy and affirm womens perspective and experiences. Exposing the disciplining of female sexuality embedded in our cultural knowledge, writers of new fairy tales try to introduce a dominant female gaze resisting the position of women under patriarchy. It matters a lot because their reviving, rewriting, retelling, or cross-writing of fairy tales first re- discipline our knowledge of gender roles and female sexuality in cultural discourses ND Grill (1987) explain what is at stake: When we are armed with knowledge of how power relations operate in a discursive to choose whether or not to accept the influence of the formation, we are more able power in the system, how to garner more power as rhetoric in the system, and how to loosen the hold of the power over us. (p. 97) Understood more broadly, the rewritten fairy tales resistant gaze stands as a site of challenge to an entire network of cultural discourses represents a site of resistance to disciplinary power that constitute a patriarchal pontific and demand that male sexuality be understood from a heterosexual masculine point-of-view. Also, education meanings are contained in the details of the fairy tale. The fairy tale is not pointing to the external reality but focusing on the s ubconscious formation and development of childrens individual. The childrens colonization is mainly sourced from fairy tales and religious stories. As Ursula K. El Gun said in The Child and the Shadow (1974): The great fantasies, myths and tales are indeed like dreams: they speak from the unconscious to the unconscious, in the language of the unconscious ?symbol and archetype. .. They are profoundly meaningful, and usable?practical ?in terms of ethics; of insight; of growth (IPPP). Fairy tales are received, circulated, and consumed today through books, cottons and especially movies. Though weve in media frequently. Feminist film scholar Laura Mulled (1975) theorized that a dominant male gaze structures mainstream Hollywood films and invites the viewer to identify with male protagonists and to marginality and objectify women. In those films revised from old fairy tales like Black Swan(2010) still disciplined by a patriarchal pontific some ways. In the story, Nina only notices that she goes home with her friend Lily. She believes that she asked Lily to come with her to home and Nina drags her to her bedroom. Nina is fantasizing about making love with Lily at that time. Such images implicitly convey that the most desirable and acceptable form of female-female sexuality is that which pleases and plays to the heterosexual male gaze. Though weve made great strides in literature (one of the many successes to celebrate during Womens History Month), that same outdated belief continues to affect women writers. Perhaps recognizing some of the more famous writers who mound success after eschewing their male pseudonyms will show that a woman doesnt need a mans name to set the literary world ablaze. Joanne Rolling O. K. Rolling) Anyone who doubts that theres still a double standard in the publishing industry doesnt know his or her Harry Potter history. Rolling was told by her publisher that her series wouldnt be as popular among boys if it was penned by a woman. She used a set of initials instead (not even her own, since she has no middle name) and as we all know, the Harry Potter books catapulted in popularity even after her gender was revealed.

Biography of Daniel Morgan, U.S. Brigadier General

Biography of Daniel Morgan, U.S. Brigadier General Daniel Morgan (July 6, 1736–July 6, 1802) rose from humble beginnings to become one of the Continental Armys finest tacticians and leaders. The son of Welsh immigrants, he initially saw service in the French and Indian War as a teamster before putting his marksmanship skills to use as a colonial ranger. With the beginning of the American Revolution, Morgan assumed command of a rifle company and soon saw action outside of Boston and during the invasion of Canada. In 1777, he and his men played a key role at the Battle of Saratoga. Fast Facts: Daniel Morgan Known For: As a leader of the Continental Army, Morgan led the Americans to victory during the Revolutionary War.Born: July 6, 1736 in Hunterdon County, New JerseyParents: James and Eleanor MorganDied: July 6, 1802 in Winchester, VirginiaSpouse: Abigail Curry Early Life Born on July 6, 1736, Daniel Morgan was the fifth child of James and Eleanor Morgan. Of Welsh extraction, he is believed to have been born in Lebanon Township, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. He left home around 1753 after a bitter argument with his father. Crossing into Pennsylvania, Morgan initially worked around Carlisle before moving down the Great Wagon Road to Charles Town, Virginia. An avid drinker and fighter, he was employed in various trades in the Shenandoah Valley before beginning a career as a teamster. French and Indian War With the beginning of the French and Indian War, Morgan found employment as a teamster for the British Army. In 1755, he and his cousin Daniel Boone took part in Major General Edward Braddocks ill-fated campaign against Fort Duquesne, which ended in a stunning defeat at the Battle of the Monongahela. Also part of the expedition were two of his future commanders in Lieutenant Colonel George Washington and Captain Horatio Gates. Morgan encountered difficulty the following year when taking supplies to Fort Chiswell. Having irritated a British lieutenant, Morgan was made irate when the officer struck him with the flat of his sword. In response, Morgan knocked the lieutenant out with one punch. Court-martialed, Morgan was sentenced to 500 lashes. He developed a hatred for the British Army. Two years later, Morgan joined a colonial ranger unit that was attached to the British. Morgan was badly injured while returning to Winchester from Fort Edward. Nearing Hanging Rock, he was struck in the neck during a Native American ambush; the bullet knocked out several teeth before exiting his left cheek. Boston With the outbreak of the American Revolution after the Battles of Lexington and Concord, the Continental Congress called for the formation of 10 rifle companies to aid in the Siege of Boston. In response, Virginia formed two companies and command of one was given to Morgan. He departed Winchester with his troops on July 14, 1775. Morgans riflemen were expert marksmen who employed long rifles, which were more accurate than the standard Brown Bess muskets used by the British. Invasion of Canada Later in 1775, Congress approved an invasion of Canada and tasked Brigadier General Richard Montgomery with leading the main force north from Lake Champlain. To support this effort, Colonel Benedict Arnold convinced the American commander, General George Washington, to send a second force north through the Maine wilderness to aid Montgomery. Washington gave him three rifle companies, collectively led by Morgan, to augment his force. Departing Fort Western on September 25, Morgans men endured a brutal march north before finally joining up with Montgomery near Quebec. Attacking the city on December 31, the American column led by Montgomery halted when the general was killed early in the fighting. In the Lower Town, Arnold sustained a wound to his leg, leading Morgan to take command of their column.  Pushing forward, the Americans advanced through the Lower Town and paused to await Montgomerys arrival.  Unaware that Montgomery was dead, their halt allowed the defenders to recover.  Morgan and many of his men were later captured by Governor Sir Guy Carletons forces. Held as a prisoner until September 1776, Morgan was initially paroled before being formally exchanged in January 1777. Battle of Saratoga After rejoining Washington, Morgan found that he had been promoted to colonel in recognition of his actions at Quebec. He was later assigned to lead the Provisional Rifle Corps, a special 500-man formation of light infantry. After conducting attacks against  General Sir William Howes forces in New Jersey during the summer, Morgan received orders to take his command north to join Major General Horatio Gates army near Albany. Arriving on August 30, he began taking part in operations against  Major General John Burgoynes army, which was advancing south from  Fort Ticonderoga. Morgans men pushed Burgoynes Native American allies back to the main British lines. On September 19, Morgan and his command played a key role as the  Battle of Saratoga  began. Taking part in the engagement at Freemans Farm, Morgans men joined with Major Henry Dearborns light infantry.  Under pressure, his men rallied when Arnold arrived on the field and  the two inflicted heavy losses on the British before retiring to Bemis Heights. On October 7, Morgan commanded the left wing of the American line as the British advanced on Bemis Heights. Again working with Dearborn, Morgan helped to defeat this attack and then led his men forward in a counterattack that saw American forces capture two key redoubts near the British camp. Increasingly isolated and lacking supplies, Burgoyne surrendered on October 17. The victory at Saratoga was the turning point of the conflict and led to the French signing the Treaty of Alliance (1778). Monmouth Campaign Marching south after the triumph, Morgan and his men rejoined Washingtons army on November 18 at Whitemarsh, Pennsylvania, and then entered the winter encampment at Valley Forge. Over the next several months, his command conducted scouting missions, skirmishing occasionally with the British. In June 1778, Morgan missed the Battle of Monmouth Court House when Major General Charles Lee failed to apprise him of the armys movements. Though his command did not take part in the fighting, it did pursue the retreating British and captured both prisoners and supplies. Following the battle, Morgan briefly commanded Woodfords Virginia Brigade. Eager for a command of his own, he was excited to learn that a new light infantry brigade was being formed. Morgan was largely apolitical and had never worked to cultivate a relationship with Congress. As a result, he was passed over for promotion to brigadier general and leadership of the new formation went to Brigadier General Anthony Wayne. Going South The following year Gates was placed in command of the Southern Department and asked Morgan to join him. Morgan expressed concern that his usefulness would be limited as many militia officers in the region would outrank him and asked Gates to recommend his promotion to Congress. After learning of Gates defeat at the Battle of Camden in August, 1780, Morgan decided to return to the field and began riding south. In Hillsborough, North Carolina, Morgan was given command of a corps of light infantry on October 2. Eleven days later, he was finally promoted to brigadier general. For much of the fall, Morgan and his men scouted the region between Charlotte and Camden, South Carolina. On December 2, command of the department passed to Major General Nathanael Greene. Increasingly pressured by Lieutenant General Lord Charles Cornwalliss forces, Greene elected to divide his army, with Morgan commanding one part, in order to give it time to rebuild after the losses incurred at Camden. While Greene withdrew north, Morgan was instructed to campaign in the South Carolina back country with the goal of building support for the cause and irritating the British. Specifically, his orders were to to give protection to that part of the country, spirit up the people, to annoy the enemy in that quarter. Quickly recognizing Greenes strategy, Cornwallis dispatched a mixed cavalry-infantry force led by Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton after Morgan. After eluding Tarleton for three weeks, Morgan turned to confront him on January 17, 1781. Battle of Cowpens Deploying his forces in a pasture area known as the Cowpens, Morgan formed his men in three lines. It was his goal to have the first two lines slow the British before withdrawing and forcing Tarletons weakened men to attack uphill against the Continentals. Understanding the limited resolve of the militia, he requested they fire two volleys before withdrawing to the left and reforming to the rear. Once the enemy was halted, Morgan intended to counterattack. In the resulting Battle of Cowpens, Morgans plan worked and the Americans ultimately crushed Tarletons command.  Routing the enemy, Morgan won perhaps the Continental Armys most decisive tactical victory of the war. Death In 1790, Morgan was presented with a gold medal by Congress in recognition of his victory at Cowpens. After the war, he attempted to run for Congress in 1794. Though his initial efforts failed, he was elected in 1797 and served one term before his death in 1802. Morgan was buried in Winchester, Virginia. Legacy Morgan was considered one of the most skilled tacticians of the Continental Army. A number of statues have been erected in his honor, and in 2013 his Winchester, Virginia, home was made a designated historic place.

Consumer behavior Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consumer behavior - Research Paper Example The activities may include where and how people purchase commodities. The purchaser plays both the role of a user, financier and buyer of a product. This unit examines the comparison and distinction between consumer behavior models in Canada and Saudi Arabia and tries to answer if universal consumer behaviors are present in all cultures. Consumer behavior models are vastly used in the prediction of product advertisement by marketers in Saudi Arabia and Canada. Consumer behavior techniques help marketers in manipulating the attitudes of a consumer in purchasing a product in both countries. The objective for this paper is to analyze evaluate and contrast the consumer behavior and Canada. Cooperate credibility plays a crucial role in the influencing of consumer behavior models in Saudi Arabia. Secondly, Advertisement has a force in the consumer behavior models in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is recognized to be the chief advertising market in the Middle East, and this is exceedingly depicted in its consumer behavior. Lastly, Literature assessment also influences the consumer behavior in Saudi Arabia, since it influences how consumer behavior like attitude towards a product. Internet economy plays a crucial function in pressuring the consumer behavior models in Canada. The internet economy is responsible for the lag or de velopment in the consumer behavior models in the country like in the online retail transaction. The lag in Canada may be closed by a better internet economy like the Google, since Canadians will be able to market their products online. The negative slope noticed in the consumer behavior model, in Canada, may be as a result of the reluctant nature of the small and medium scale businesses. The consumer behavior model in Canada can be changed if their government creates incentives like the internet economy to impersonation. Saudi’s population is a highly sociable and interact able population. The majority of the

John Waller Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

John Waller - Essay Example The musical techniques which Waller follows reflect the philosophies and cultural associations that he holds. Specifically, Waller focuses on uplifting music that is based on religious beliefs of Christianity. The musical techniques which Waller uses establish the same ideas and theories while helping to create stronger recognition of Christian music and expressions with the use of musical ideas. Examining six of the songs of Waller also develops a deeper understanding of the musical representations of Waller. The first song analyzed is â€Å"Identity† from the CD â€Å"The Blessing.† The concept of this is based on one finding their identity in God and Jesus while practicing different Christian beliefs in terms of what one’s true identity is. The structure is the first musical technique which highlights this. The structure is verse, chorus, verse, chorus. The verse has a specific set of chords that continue throughout the song. This combines with a change in the chorus to chords that are higher than the chorus to highlight the lyrics of â€Å"So you are, So I am†¦ I Am You.† The chords and the movement up are able to highlight the concept of identity with the song. The rhythm follows this with a steady rock beat in 4/4. This moves at a medium – fast pace to create a feeling of happiness throughout the song. This continues with the arrangement of music, including the bass, electronic guitar and drums. Each of these moves at a medium – fast pace to keep with the same idea. When one listens to this song, there is a sense of being happy and at peace with the concept of identity while establishing a different understanding of how the idea of being Christian and with Christ is one which reflects in happiness and peace. The second song, â€Å"The Blessing,† also from the CD â€Å"The Blessing† holds similar connotations as the first. The rhythm is in a fast four or 2/4 that is a part of the piece. The arran gement includes electronic guitar, piano, synthesizer, bass and drums. The introduction has a louder dynamic and seems to move faster. The first verse then moves at a slower pace with only a background drum holding the beat while the words and singing is highlighted. The same louder sound then comes back in for the second verse to make a louder sound and to highlight the idea of â€Å"let it be said of us.† The song is able to use these louder and softer differences to create a sense of motivation among others while the faster rock sound creates a movement of happiness and of being lifting. After the first verse and between the chorus, the sound becomes slightly louder to highlight the main message. The chords at this point move to a higher range to use the technique of motivation as the main highlight and to bring out the main hook of the song â€Å"be a blessing in life.† The music then moves back to the verse with the same chord change. When this occurs, the chorus seems to be more uplifting while the verses lead into this highlight and set of changes. The last part of the bridge is one that slightly alters by slowing down the rhythm accompaniment while moving faster with the lyrics. The faster rhythm and pauses then highlights the song. When this moves back to the chorus it is able to highlight the main message. The song ends with a coda that has a slower pace with the singing and similar chord change to highlight the motivational points of the song. The techniques of the song then work to create highlights that motivate the message of â€Å"being a blessing for life†. The third song, â€Å"Still Calls Me Son† from the CD â€Å"The

Letter on Intent Essay Example for Free

Letter on Intent Essay For 2 years I have been involved with the fitness industry as a Zumba Fitness Instructor. It has brought people, communities, and entire regions together through dance. Zumba Fitness brightens lives, invigorates souls, and brings good will to all those who attend classes. Now being able to share my love for fitness with the students of Northern Arizona University by enriching their lives with having a great time while exercising is what I look for as in instructor. Though the constant efforts that is behind the fitness program, I want to enhance my professional development as a group fitness instructor by being given the opportunity to learn and grow as an individual. AFAA Primary Group Exercise will help me increase the awareness of fitness education and its benefits to individuals and communities. As our classes increase as a whole, I want to be aware of each individual and their safety is always a priority. I may only have only 2 years in the fitness industry but I believe it is the right time to enhance my knowledge. Zumba fitness brings all types of age ranges to classes and being aware of that is the most important. in the future I would like to keep an open range and explore more formats, but education of fitness is the first thing to do before I can keep opening up opportunities in the fitness industry. With your generous support in helping me attend AFAA Primary Group Exercise Certification, I will continue to nourish our community and keep our classes strong for years to come. Thank you and I look forward continuing working  with you.

Symbols and Subversion in 13 Happiness Street Essay -- 13 Happiness Str

"13 Happiness Street" is a political satire which relies largely on the subversion of conventional symbols to convey its message. By subversion, I mean the process by which Bei Dao uses unconventional meanings of conventional symbols to undermine accepted literary norms. That is, he offers in place of the common associations of a symbol, another symbolic association that draws its meaning from the context of the narrative. Indeed, the very meaning of the narrative is couched in the language of metaphors and symbols. It is here that the author constructs a narrative using conventional symbols which play upon and also against the reader's expectations. Before we examine the means by which the author subverts the archetypal notions of symbols, it is first imperative to understand how these symbols stand in relation to the narrative and the reader. Symbols find their place within a narrative through a conscious desire of the author to create a pattern of meaning, while the reader on the other hand, attempts to re-construct these meanings by drawing upon conventional associations with events. Conventional symbols are thus internalized in our mental consciousness and associated with what we take to be their predisposed meanings. That is, our minds works to form preconceived mental pictures of what these symbols should universally represent. "13 Happiness Street" is thus a narrative that gains much of its significance through the subversion of conventional symbols against our expectations. The subversion of the archetypal symbol takes place within various levels of the narrative, the first being the immediate layer of the narrative itself, and the second being the symbols within the narrative. I shall first discuss how Bei Dao subv... ...the dichotomy between the said and the implied. On the surface, it may seem to be a story that ends inconclusively about a boy who is never found, but the use of multifarious symbols each bringing with them a string of other meanings contributes to the symbolic richness of his prose. Works Cited Bei Dao, "13 Happiness Street." Contemporary Literature of Asia. Ed. Arthur Biddle et al. Blair: Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1996. 280-291. Chatman, Seymour, "Existents." Story and Discourse: Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1978. 107-126, 131-145. Todorov, Tzvetan. "Two Principles in Narrative." Genres in Discourse. Trans. Catherine Porter. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 27-30. Holden, Philip. "Aristotle on Plot". 26 Nov. 2000. University Scholars Programme. 1 Aug. 2001 http://www.scholars.nus.edu.sg/literature/ccla01/aristotleplot.html>.

Underage Driving

TEEN TRAFFIC Attention! Attention! Attention! If you are a teenager or a parent of one then – it is a MUST for you to read on. It is very important for you to know that driving and especially underage driving is a potentially â€Å"risky activity†. Nowadays, in the times of modernization and the exposure, the teenagers are getting, they find it difficult to resist the temptation of driving before the right age. Due to peer pressure and to look cool, most teenagers start driving at an early age.It gives them a feeling of invincibility, freedom and independence. But is this rosy world of teens as beautiful as they think it is? Well, let’s see. It is true that anyone driving on the roads is quite in danger of meeting with an accident and teens between the ages of 16 yrs to 19 yrs are more vulnerable to it. The reason being that they are the most inexperienced when it comes to matters of the road. It has been found that the most number of people jumping a red light, taking illegal turns or driving with too many pillion riders are teens.Compare and Contrast Driving in the Winter and Driving in the SummerThey are even found wanting in the use of seat belts. Teens are the ones who usually meet with more number of accidents due to their immaturity as they often underestimate the seriousness or danger involved in a situation. They are wild by nature and high in spirits and also quite carefree. The fact that they are breaking rules and still not getting caught gives them a feeling of boldness. They often wear an attitude that says – ‘I can get away with anything and everything†.But ask the families who have lost one of their dear ones due to road accidents and are suffering now but also repenting at the same time due to their only mistake of allowing their young child to drive prematurely. Well, the fact remains that parents who allow their kids to drive on the roads whether, only for making their lives easy as the teens have to ru sh from their schools to tuition classes, don’t even think twice about its consequences. Statistics say that 1400 adolescents died due to underage driving in India in the year 1999 and the numbers keep increasing drastically every year.I feel that the leniency of the traffic police and negligence of the parents is the main cause of this problem. I don’t understand why is it so difficult for the traffic police to keep a check on underage driving as anyone in a school uniform driving a vehicle is underage. Traffic rules should be carefully explained and strictly enforced in all places. The police should be strict and should levy heavy fines on the offenders. Parents should also guide their wards in obeying traffic rules.The teenagers should be made to realize that driving is full of responsibilities and is a very serious issue. It involves the safety of not only their lives but also the other traffickers. The most important thing is that if the parents set an example by obeying traffic laws then their children will respect the law too. The schools can also contribute by making the students aware of the dangers involved in driving and the responsibility that comes with it. I feel that a combined effort of the police, parents and the schools will certainly help to reduce this problem to a great extent. Underage Driving TEEN TRAFFIC Attention! Attention! Attention! If you are a teenager or a parent of one then – it is a MUST for you to read on. It is very important for you to know that driving and especially underage driving is a potentially â€Å"risky activity†. Nowadays, in the times of modernization and the exposure, the teenagers are getting, they find it difficult to resist the temptation of driving before the right age. Due to peer pressure and to look cool, most teenagers start driving at an early age.It gives them a feeling of invincibility, freedom and independence. But is this rosy world of teens as beautiful as they think it is? Well, let’s see. It is true that anyone driving on the roads is quite in danger of meeting with an accident and teens between the ages of 16 yrs to 19 yrs are more vulnerable to it. The reason being that they are the most inexperienced when it comes to matters of the road. It has been found that the most number of people jumping a red light, taking illegal turns or driving with too many pillion riders are teens.Compare and Contrast Driving in the Winter and Driving in the SummerThey are even found wanting in the use of seat belts. Teens are the ones who usually meet with more number of accidents due to their immaturity as they often underestimate the seriousness or danger involved in a situation. They are wild by nature and high in spirits and also quite carefree. The fact that they are breaking rules and still not getting caught gives them a feeling of boldness. They often wear an attitude that says – ‘I can get away with anything and everything†.But ask the families who have lost one of their dear ones due to road accidents and are suffering now but also repenting at the same time due to their only mistake of allowing their young child to drive prematurely. Well, the fact remains that parents who allow their kids to drive on the roads whether, only for making their lives easy as the teens have to ru sh from their schools to tuition classes, don’t even think twice about its consequences. Statistics say that 1400 adolescents died due to underage driving in India in the year 1999 and the numbers keep increasing drastically every year.I feel that the leniency of the traffic police and negligence of the parents is the main cause of this problem. I don’t understand why is it so difficult for the traffic police to keep a check on underage driving as anyone in a school uniform driving a vehicle is underage. Traffic rules should be carefully explained and strictly enforced in all places. The police should be strict and should levy heavy fines on the offenders. Parents should also guide their wards in obeying traffic rules.The teenagers should be made to realize that driving is full of responsibilities and is a very serious issue. It involves the safety of not only their lives but also the other traffickers. The most important thing is that if the parents set an example by obeying traffic laws then their children will respect the law too. The schools can also contribute by making the students aware of the dangers involved in driving and the responsibility that comes with it. I feel that a combined effort of the police, parents and the schools will certainly help to reduce this problem to a great extent.

Methodologies

Human resource development is one of the most challenging tasks of running any business in the present world of competition and globalization. The level of motivation depends greatly on how much focus company gives to understanding the need and the demographics of the company. It is very important to have well-motivated employees, because the motivated employees will probably work harder, and likely produce a higher quality of work; especially for a retail company. Motivation comes from heart and mind; it is an internal process which determines the success and adaptability of an employee within the business environment. It is very important that steps should be taken to strengthen this within the staff. This would require effort on the part of the organization to come up with steps to find out and research about ways in which employees a can be motivated. An organization needs a systematic methodologies based on sound research philosophy. A good research philosophy should be based on positive- scientific approach where analysis is based on factors which can be verified by statistics. Another, aspect of the research could be based on exploring the circumstances or the situations. Based on these two philosophies information should be gathered. The purpose is to research the different motivational factors that affect sales people in the client organization. The research approach should be selected to suit the nature of the company. The research approach can be deductive- based on testing the theory or inductive –based on building the theory. The inductive theory with emphasis on qualitative research should be the focus of research. The environment and the demographics of the company should be considered. The study should use qualitative research. In qualitative research the events could be studied in their natural surroundings. The data can be obtained by exploring the circumstances or the situations. The data for this research comes from the secondary sources. Secondary data is more accurate than the primary data, and is also most economical and easy way of accessing information. The process requires the past and the recent researcher’s studies including books and journals, the internet, newspaper as some of the main sources for secondary data research. This information is very useful and provides comprehensive understanding of the issue. The research analysis is conducted after gathering and analyzing data. The emphasis is on the size and the nature of the respondents. The respondents were randomly selected. All the salespeople from different brands were asked to participate in the survey. The primary source of the survey is through interview. Ten shops have been chosen as target interviewees in different districts. The interview is designed to be done face to face. The time selected for interview is lunch hour. The questionnaires have been put together, which are to be collected after the interview. All data which is collected is confidential. The method employed in this research is through the questionnaire survey. A comprehensive list of question is prepared which could target the employee’s personal information aspect as well as the motivation aspect. The targeted interviewee’s are the staff below manager level. The aim is to evaluate relationship between pay and motivation. The question is prepared in simple and clear language, Chinese version is also made available to help in understanding. Every effort is taken to avoid misunderstanding. The first part of the questionnaire gives personal information of the staff. The personal information related to the employees will reflect that information which gives information about them like, age, sex, education level and years of service with a particular facility or organization. This personal information is very essential for the selection of the right person for the right job. If the person is selected to perform a particular job for which he is suitable, this will lead to the growth of the company as well as the employee. His education a level and his experience plays a key role in determining the nature of his job. His age should be considered in deciding if he can take the amount of work related stress and strain. His gender would give him/ her a certain way of thinking which may help or hinder the kind of commitment. It requires careful selection based on these factors, to really find the right person with good motivation who can work with the company for the long-term. The second part of the questionnaire focuses on the motivational factors or preferences based on eleven questions. These questions are ranked as highest to least desirable as far as motivation is concerned. They take into account he factors which determine motivation. It is important to understand what offer can the company make to raise the motivation level of its employees. If everyone feels that they are equally treated as far as company policy is concerned with regard age, sex, ethnicity, and disability. If the employee’s are well compensated with benefits, holidays, allowances and health benefits determined by their personal qualification. They will be happy to work for the company. The company should make an effort to find out through survey about How the Employee’s feel about working for the company. It is very important to have a motivated workforce with proper training, education and development for success in the present economy. This part of the survey has been evaluated in the following survey done to address the employees’ response. It is very important to have authentic data, which can help research and analyze the motivation factors existing in the retail industry. Data should be collected from the literatures, journals, newspapers and the internet. The research is also aimed to analyze the internal motivation factors with information collected from staff interviews, official website and the staff handbook. The research and the analysis of the survey results combined with the statistical applications allow for the researcher to draw conclusion based on the objectives of the study. Ethical issues regarding the confidentiality of the information should also be carefully observed. The information should be well guarded. The participants should trust the source of their survey. Then only can one obtain authentic and honest information. There are certain limitations to this method of survey; the information may change from day to day. In the process of research it is difficult to update the information on a continuous basis, until the final study is finished. Thus this kind of research imposes that there be date beyond which information cannot be used. This can be a handicap. Some of the information which has been collected is found in Chinese, this will require time for translation. Sometimes the meaning can get lost in the process of translation. Though the study tries it’s best to translate the original meanings from the original meanings. These surveys are critical to the analysis and the discussion of the motivation level of the people working for the retail company. This beautifully classifies the personal qualification which determines the level of their position within the company. Once the employees and employers know each others strength, they find where the right person can be placed for the right kind of job. Even an employee can be trained if interested for a particular job to which he may have better liking. If employer treats every employee with equal opportunity, the employee will work hard and with sincerity. It is very important to maintain that balance and motivation to keep a well trained workforce. If the employees are asked to respond to particular question as mentioned in the survey, they will feel they have important role and participation within the company. This will make them more confident about their future and make them more motivated. So accurate personal evaluation, good benefits and reward system will keep the motivation level high. These methodologies help the company to find clear and defined ways to find suitable employees and also to retain them for long term. They can be a guideline for future decisions made by the company. It can also help company cone up with a reward system for positive consequences and penalties for negative consequences. The internal and unseen aspect of motivation can be developed with good training, proper developmental setup and secure future. The competition and the benefits can be planned in the light of the information gathered. This will further improve understanding between the employers and the employees for better teamwork. Works cited Human Resource Management, HR354, Professional Competence, The Management Report, Student Handbook, 2006/07 Â   Â   Â  

Essay on Chinese historyEssay Writing Service

Essay on Chinese historyEssay Writing Service Essay on Chinese history Essay on Chinese historyThe role of archaeology in changing and enriching our knowledge of Chinese history is hard to overestimate. On the one hand, archaeologists and historians receive unlimited resources for their scientific research. On the other hand, common people also get access to the enigmatic world of the bygone times.For example, the earliest Chinese vessels made of bronze tell much about the people who lived in the Yellow River valley about two thousand years before Christ. The complexity and elegance peculiar to the first simple wine cup testifies that the level of Chinese development in the second millennium B.C. was unsurpassed and seldom achieved by other cultures. The state of culture studied by other important archaeological findings proves that the first Chinese civilization culminated due to a strong centralized government. It has been also found out that the society was discretely stratified; architecture was elaborate with palaces prevailing; the system of writi ng was distinctive; religious rituals were numerous, and art forms were sophisticated. What is more, bronze was actively used even when the Iron Age began, and the majestic vessels made of bronze show how high technical accomplishments of the Chinese were. The vessels of exclusive beauty and complexity were applied during religious rituals and indicate wealth and honor of the Chinese rulers.Further on, the effect of life-sized terracotta figures buried with the Qin ruler is even more petrifying and challenging our knowledge of Chinese history and art. In the second century B.C. the lands of China were united together under the leadership of the First Emperor of Qin (Wilkinson 183). The latter constructed his own mausoleum employing about 700,000 laborers, and an army of about 7,000 clay warriors were buried with the Emperor. In this way, archaeology brings to life those who lived thousands of years ago and makes them talk with us in a whisper.

How to Write a Compelling, Informative News Lede

How to Write a Compelling, Informative News Lede The lede  is the first paragraph of any news story. It’s also the most important part. The lede must accomplish three things: Give readers the main points of the story;Get readers interested in reading the story;Accomplish both â€Å"a† and â€Å"b† in as few words as possible. Typically, editors want ledes to be no longer than 35 to 40 words. Why so short? Readers want their news delivered quickly. A short lede does just that. What Goes in the Lede? For news stories, journalists use the inverted pyramid format, which features the five â€Å"W’s and the H† – who, what, where, when, why and how. Who – who is the story about?What – what is the story about?Where – where did the event you’re writing about occur?When – when did it occur?Why – why did this happen?How – how did this happen? Example 1:  Let’s say you’re writing a story about a man who was injured when he fell off a ladder. Here are your five W’s and H: Who – the manWhat – he fell off a ladder while paintingWhere – at his houseWhen – yesterdayWhy – the ladder was ricketyHow – the rickety ladder broke So your lede might go something like this: A man was injured yesterday after falling from a rickety ladder which collapsed as he was painting his home. This sums up the main points of the story in just 19 words, which is all you need for the lede. Example 2:  Let’s say you’re writing a story about a house fire in which three people suffer smoke inhalation. Here are your five W’s and H: Who – three peopleWhat – they suffered smoke inhalation and were hospitalized after a house fireWhere – at the houseWhen – yesterdayWhy – a man fell asleep smoking in bedHow – the cigarette ignited the mans mattress Heres how this lede might go: Three people were hospitalized for smoke inhalation yesterday from a house fire officials say was ignited when a man in the home fell asleep while smoking in bed. This lede clocks in at 28 words a little longer than the last one, but still short and to the point. Example 3: Heres something a bit more complicated. This is a story about a hostage situation. Here are your five W’s and H: Who – six people, one gunmanWhat – the gunman held six people hostage in a restaurant for two hours before surrendering to policeWhere – at Billy Bobs Barbecue JointWhen – last nightWhy – the gunman tried robbing the restaurant but police arrived before he could escapeHow – he ordered the six people into the kitchen Heres how this lede might go: A failed robbery of Billy Bob’s Barbeque last evening resulted in six being held hostage as police surrounded the building. The suspect surrendered without incident following a two-hour standoff. This lede is 29 words, which isnt bad for a story that has a bit more complexity to it. Write Ledes on Your Own Here are some examples to try on your own. Who – Barrett Bradley, the president of Centerville CollegeWhat – he announced tuition will be raised 5 percentWhere – at a gathering in the colleges amphitheaterWhen – yesterdayWhy – enrollment is dropping and the college is facing a $3 million deficitHow – he will ask the colleges board of trustees to approve the tuition hikeWho – Melvin Washington, point guard for the Centerville High School basketball teamWhat – he scores a record 48 points to lead the team to the state championship over the rival team at Roosevelt High SchoolWhere – in the schools gymnasiumWhen – last nightWhy – Washington is a gifted athlete who observers say has an NBA career ahead of himHow – he is a remarkably precise shooter who excels at making 3-pointersWho – Centerville Mayor Ed JohnsonWhat – he holds a press conference announcing he has a drinking problem and is stepping down from his postWhere – in his office at City HallWhen – todayWhy – Johnson says he is entering rehab to deal with his alcoholismHow – he will step down and deputy mayor Helen Peterson will take over

EU Constitutional Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

EU Constitutional Law - Essay Example The frustration with integration theories was due to, first, the scope of the study of integration, second, the participants who were effectively engendering integration and third, the process or mechanism of integration. This approach indicated the importance of certain factors, which had been omitted in the initial assessment. Despite, rejection by the intergovernmental conference, the proposed introduction showed that the Convention's aim was to vitalize the idea of democracy. The democratic constitution of the European Communities was considered unimportant and unnecessary by many scholars who felt that an internal market endorsed individual freedom1. In spite of this, the EU's transformation from purely economic to political cooperation has necessitated such thinking. The Amsterdam Treaty2 has incorporated democracy as a fundamental value into the foundational treaties3. Article 2 of the Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe4 (CT) lists democracy as a central value of the Union and Articles 1- 47 buttresses this notion under the title "The Democratic Life of the Union" as representative5 and participatory6 democracy. Although, the necessity of democratic governance is universally recognized its discourse, premises and content are frequently discussed7. The holistic approach is based on society and the assumption that there exists a common good which differs from the aggregate of all individual interests. The subject of legitimacy in the individualist position refers to the individual and hence, the aim of public policy is to promote individual interests. A state-centered collectivist approach deters further integration and limits decision-making to the national parliaments8. Hence, at the European level, the Council of Ministers have to play a vital role and from an individualistic perspective and the European Parliament, which represents the European citizenry is the main organ for obtaining democratic legitimacy9. Foundation. The holistic legitimacy concept justifies the state-centered democratic vision, which states that only national peoples are subjects of legitimacy. Since, minorities accept majority decisions only if the citizenry has a certain national homogeneity, legitimacy has to be derived from national parliaments. Hence, absence of a European demos is a hurdle to further integration. The legitimacy of the state-centered, collectivist approach is dubious as no relationship exists between society and the nation state10, which is independent of a national or homogenous group11 or a cultural, religious or social consensus. Constitutional Treaty and Legitimacy. Article 2 CT lists dignity and individual liberty in the Union's fundamental values with the individualistic concept of democracy being adopted theoretically and it accords center stage to the individual in the European legal order, which is further strengthened by the guarantee of equality prescribed in Articles 2 and 45 CT. These provisions grant European citizens equal rights, rendering mediation of citizen's rights by a state or nation unnecessary. Therefore, the guarantee of liberty and equality exemplify that the European Constitution is based on an individualistic concept of democracy12. Article 1 (1) CT, lists the will of the member states to build a common future beneath

Irony in Oedipus Rex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Irony in Oedipus Rex - Essay Example For instance, Oedipus commits to locate and penalize the one found guilty irrespective of where he/she belonged as his words may show, â€Å"but as if from myself I shall dispel the stain† (Sophocles 16, line 22). While he makes this commitment with the audience, the audience knows that the murderer of Laius is Oedipus, which makes it an example of dramatic irony in the novel. Later in the novel, that guilty person turns out to be Oedipus himself. Oedipus goes on to say that his own life is also at stake as long as that murderer is free, â€Å"For whoever he was who killed that man would as soon kill me with that same violent hand† (Sophocles 16). This is an example of double irony in the play. A dialogue can be identified as double irony if the original statement seems to be irony, but turns out to be true, thus, making it the irony’s ironical use. Although Oedipus does not know that he is the killer himself, yet he does take his own life later in the story when he comes to realize that the murderer of Laius was nobody else but

An Ethical Dilemma for a professional Nurse Research Paper

An Ethical Dilemma for a professional Nurse - Research Paper Example Mrs. A. played the role Sherwin (1992), postulated she would when facing similar troubling ethical issue, in that she displayed an emphatic form of reasoning which propel her to seek an innovative way out of the problem, so that both parties benefit. She chose not to have the child in order to please her husband, who she believed deserve the promotion, so that in the end she is happy that he is happy. They achieved what Oberle and Bouchal (2009) called mutuality, in that both receive benefits, but this was at the expense of the unborn child, the wishes of their parents and the nurse administering support to them. The expulsion or removal of the fetus from the womb of a woman or abortion has been the subject of discussion for thousands of years, especially with regard to its ethicality, and has culminated into a divide where many professes to be either pro life or pro-choice, depending on the type of moral lens they are wearing, a significant percentage of the population be hold the m iddle ground or neutral status, sometimes for political reasons. Abortion has become a troubling moral issue in the lives of people especially in America, despite the (Rowe vs. Wade 1973) landmark ruling which have women the option to be pro-choice, because of the role of members of the American Medical Association has played in the early years according to The National Abortion Federation (2011). The organization sought to lobby the government to make the practice illegal. They achieved what Oberle and Bouchal.

Determinants of Exchange Rate in Malaysia

Determinants of Exchange Rate in Malaysia Chapter 1: Introduction 1.0 Introduction As the world develops and getting more integrated, business trading or even international trading has became a very common activity. Currency or most commonly known as money is use or circulation to pay in exchange for goods and services, money are use as a medium of exchange. There are two kinds of money form, the banknotes and the coins. Banknotes are more commonly used because of its convenience. Money is indeed a very important invention in human kind history. As times goes by, more and more different kind are introduced by countries and these different currency are controlled and printed by their national banks. As the world getting more integrated, the relationship of these currencies is getting more complicated. The dominating currencies include the US dollar, British Pound Sterling and the Euro Dollar. Malaysia is a developing country located at the South East Asian; Kuala Lumpur is the capital city for Malaysia. Malaysia has gain independent from the British colonist in the year 1957. In 1967, the National Bank of Malaysia had introduced the Malaysia dollar and it had been using it as the official currency to trade in Malaysia. During the decades, the currency had developed and minor changes were made. Now, the currency is already known as the Ringgit Malaysia (RM). Ringgit Malaysia (RM) had always been stable and developing during the course of decades. However, during the Asian currency crisis, Ringgit Malaysia (RM) was badly affected and the volatility of the currency is severe. Due to the effect of the Asian currency crisis, the Ringgit Malaysia (RM) is fluctuating between 3.80 and 4.40 a US dollar. The Malaysia currency was implying the floating rate regime until end of 1998, the government of Malaysia decided to peg Malaysian Ringgit to US dollar at a rate of RM3.80 to a US dollar. In this research, a study will be conduct with a topic of â€Å"The determinants of exchange rate in Ringgit Malaysia.† In this chapter, brief explanation will be done for background of study, problem statement, research question, research objective, significant of study and outline research. The other chapters of literature review, data and methodology, data analysis and also conclusion. For Malaysia, exchange rate is one of the most important factors affecting the development of the countries’ economy. It will influence the interest of investors because exchange rate risk plays will affect the profitability of their investments. Many studies had on exchange rate but very little is about the Ringgit Malaysia. However the factors influence the movements of Ringgit Malaysia that will be discussed in this research are Inflation rate, Interest rate, Gross domestic product, and Balance of Payment. 1.1 Background of Study On the day of June 1967, it is an historical moment for the Malaysian history because the new central bank of Malaysia, Bank Negara Malaysia had introduced the Malaysian dollar. The Malaysian dollar was use to replace the Malaya and British Borneo dollar. The word ringgit means pointy inBahasa Malaysia. It came from the idea of the serrated edges of silver  Spanish dollars. Silver Spanish dollars was commonly spread in area the 16th and 17th century throughout the area during Portuguese colonial era. The word â€Å"Ringgit† means dollar in Malay, Singapore dollar and Brunei dollar are sometimes also referred as the ringgit. In August 1975, ringgit and sen were formally used as the official names. The sign used â€Å"$† (or â€Å"M$†) is finally replaced by â€Å"RM† (Ringgit Malaysia) in around 1997, â€Å"MYR† is being used internationally as the code for Ringgit Malaysia. The ringgit is separated into 100 sen. As for Malaysian coins, the denominations will be 1 sen, 5 sen, 10 sen, 20 sen, 50 sen, and RM 1. For the denominations for banknotes, it will be RM 1, RM 2, RM 5, RM 10, RM 20, RM 50, RM 100, RM 500 and RM 1000. Ringgit Malaysian had replaced the Malaya and British Borneo dollar, the new currency was initially priced to British pound with the ratio of 1 sterling to RM 8.57 as same as the old currency. Five months from the launching of the new Ringgit Malaysia in November 1967, the pound sterling had depreciated approximately 14%. The Ringgit Malaysia was not influenced much as it is not pegged to pound sterling but the value of Malaya and Brunei dollar fall in value too. Despite of the appearance of the new currencies in Malaysia, the three neighbors countries which includes Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei still keep the Interchangeable Agreement which stated the currency union that Malaysian Dollar was able to change at the equality with the Brunei Dollar and Singapore dollar. Yet in May 1973, the Malaysia government decided to withdraw from the agreement, Malaysia Ringgit will no longer pegged to Singapore dollar or Brunei dollar. However, the Monetary Authority of Singapore and Brunei Currency and Monetary Board still preserved the interchangeable of their two currencies. In the 1990s, Malaysia experienced a economy boost. A lot of investors were making tons and tons of money from the Malaysia Capital Market. However, when the Asian Currency Crisis happened in 1997, the unanticipated wave kept many investors stocked, they wasnt prepare to face such ciao. The currency market was badly affected, ringgit was much affected too. Many economists came out and analysted the reason behind this crisis, many even put the blame on the famous speculator, Mr George Soros. At that period, Ringgit Malaysia was valued between 3.80 and 4.40 to the US Dollar,the former Malaysia Prime Minister, Tun Dr Mahathir decides to  peg the national currency to the US dollar in September 1998, fixed its 3.80 to the US Dollar. This peg lasted as long as seven years. After the crisis, Ringgit Malaysia had yet to regain its value against most major currencies. During 2004, ringgit seems to be undervalued by 15 to 20 percent. In the same year, because of the depreciation of US dollar, ringgit was weakens by 17.9 percent against euro and 10.2 percent against Japanese Yen. In July 2005, China had announced that the Chinese’s currency, Renminbi will no longer peg to US dollar. After the announcement, Malaysia also announced the end of the peg of Ringgit Malaysia with US dollar. According to Bank Negara, Malaysia will now allow the currency to float in a managed  range  against numerous major currencies. This has made the price of the ringgit increasing closer to its supposed market value, the national bank has intervened to maintain the stability of Ringgit and not to allow too much fluctuation. After following the free float regime, the ringgit  value went upto as high as RM3.16 to a U.S. dollar in April 2008. On 24 April 2010, TheStar online reported, the ringgit value has increased about 6.7 percent yearly against US dollar. According to Business Times, January 15, 2011, ringgit had hit almost a 14 years high of RM3.052 for a US dollar. Ringgit Malaysia shows a movement of appreciation year by year. It is also a good sign of stability of economy in Malaysia. 1.1.1 Development of Ringgit Malaysia 1.1.1. a. Development of Bank Notes First series of Malaysian Dollar Malaysian dollar banknotes were initially issued by Bank Negara Malaysia on 6 June 1967. The dollar banknotes are denominated in $1, $5, $10, $50 and $100. On September 1968, the Malaysian national bank, Bank NegaraMalaysia had also issued $1000. Additionally, the image of Tunku Abdul Rahman, the first Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia was printed on the first banknote of Malaysian dollar. Also, Tun Ismail bin Mohamed Ali’s signature was printed on the first dollar note of Malaysia who was the Malaysian Governor of Bank Negara at that moment. On 16 August 1972, Bank Negara Malaysia adopted an new administrator to include the national language, Bahasa Malaysia into the printing of the new banknotes while remaining the old designs. (Jack, H. 2008) Second series of Malaysian Dollar In 1982, Bank Negara Malaysia had designed and issued the second series of Malaysian Dollar, the Malaysian traditional decorative was used as design on the new Malaysian dollar. The second series of Malaysian dollars come in $1, $5, $10, $20, $50, $100, $500, and $1000. However, the numbers of $20 bank notes were less compare to the other amount of the currency. In 1997 when the Asian Financial Crisis happened, large amount of number of $500 and $1000 were transferred out of the country. In about 1993, $1 coin was introduced to substitute the $1 notes. Since then, $1 notes were discontinued. Third series of Malaysian Dollar In 1996, in the spirit of Wawasan 2020 Bank Negara Malaysia had issued the third series of Ringgit Malaysia. They are denominated in RM2, RM5, RM10, RM50 and RM100. To deter and avoid counterfeiters, additional hologram strip was added on the RM50 and RM100 notes. A new series of RM10 note was issued by Bank Negara Malaysia in 2004. Security features previously implied in RM50 and RM100 notes like the holographic strip is added to the new series of RM10 note. Also, RM 5 note with distinctive transparent window designed was introduced; they are made in polymer material which was never had in Malaysia. Bank Negara Malaysia also suggested all paper notes will be replaced by polymer notes in the future. Fourth series of Malaysian Dollar Bank Negara Malaysia had released a new design of RM50 banknote which will enter the circulation at the beginning of January, 2008. The banknote RM50 remained the unique colour of green-blue but changed a new design. The new design is to support the national mission which expresses the moving up of value chain for economy of the country. Malaysia economy is under the transformation of higher value-added activities such as agriculture,  manufacturing  and services. One the right of the currency, the first Yang di-Pertuan Agong,  Tuanku Abdul Rahman is remained. The national flower, hibiscus is also designed to present at the centre of the banknotes. To celebrate the 50th Anniversary of Independence day, the logo of 50th Anniversary and features  Malaysias first Prime Minister,  Tunku Abdul Rahman declaring independence is also printed on the reverse of the banknotes. New security features include a watermarked portrait of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, a security thread, fluores cent elements, and multi coloured latent were also added to prevent counterfeiting. On 2011, Bank Negara Malaysia announced the re-introduction of RM20 banknote. 1.1.1. b. Development of Coinage First series of Malaysian Coinage In 1967, the first series of Malaysian sen coins were introduced. They are denominated in 1 sen, 5 sen, 10 sen, 20 sen, and 50 sen. After that, in 1971 the 1 Ringgit Malaysian coin was introduced to the public. First, the Ringgit Malaysian coins are varied by diameters. Practically all the coins were minted in almost consistent obverse and reverse designs. The frontage is depicting the Malaysian Houses of Parliament, the official star and crescent moon from the Malaysian flag, Jalur Gemilang. Malaysian coins are all minted from cupronickel with the only exception of 1 sen. The 1 sen coin was minted in bronze  in the year 1967 to 1972. From 1973 onwards, the national bank of Malaysia minted the 1 sen coin with steel clad combined  copper. Redesigning was made on the50 sen coin. For the 50 sen coin, minor modification was made to add the Bank Negara Malaysia letterings at the edge of it. The first Malaysian coins series was halted in 1989 because the second series of Malaysian coin s was introduced. The first series of Malaysian coins are still in the circulation till now, but the number had reduced significantly. Second series of Malaysian Coinage In 1989, the second series of Malaysian sen coins was introduced and entered into the circulation. Second series of Malaysian coins was redesigned, but principally retaining the design of edges, diameters and composition of the previous series. However, changes were made for the 1 Ringgit Malaysian coin. Modification include drawing of Malay cultural items on the front of the coin. On the upper half of the bank of the coin, the the  national flower, Hibiscus was printed. The designer of this series of coins was Mr Low Yee Kheng. The size of the 1 ringgit coin was also changed, from the original diameter of 33mm to 24mm. It was then minted from an alloy of copper,zincandtin. On December 2005, Bank Negara Malaysia decided to withdrawn the 1 ringgit coin from circulation because it was demonetised. The standardisation of the 1 ringgit coin from the two different versions was the problem behind it. Bank Negara Malaysia announced that a rounding mechanism of prices to the nearest 5 sen will apply to all the billing all around the country. This policy will start effective from April 1, 2008 onwards. With the latest policy from Bank Negara Malaysia made the 1sen 1 sen coin irrelevant. Items selling are still allowed to be priced in multiples of 1 sen, but the total bill will be rounded to the nearest 5 sen. Third series of Malaysian Coinage On 25 July 2011, the third series of Malaysian coins is being announced by the Bank Negara Malaysia. The new series of coins are released on 2012. The third series of Malaysian coins are being issued as commemorative coins. A theme â€Å"Distinctively Malaysia† is carried by the third series of Malaysian coins. Motifs of flora and fauna drawn are used in the design in this series of coins also the various cultures in Malaysia. It also reflects the diversity and richness of Malaysias national identity. These coins are denominated in 5 sen, 10 sen, 20 sen and 50 sen. According to Deputy Finance Minister Datuk Donald Lim, the productions of the coins are reduced by approximately 50% because of the change in metal composition. The diameter of the coins have also changed, colour on the 20 cent and 50 cent had changed from silver to yellowish gold. New designs like the fourteen dots symbolizing the thirteen states and the Federal of Malaysia are included in the new series. The five horizontal lines on the coins indicate the five principles ofRukunegara. As for the 50 cent, the round shape of the coins with nine indentations represents the original BANK NEGARA MALAYSIA lettering. Besides, the 50 cents from the third series will have a latent image security feature. When the 50 cent coins are tilted slightly, denomination 50 and SEN can be seen. 1.2 Problem Statement Exchange rate risk is a one of the key risk that international investors will take account when evaluating an investment. Therefore, determinates of exchange rate is a very important topic. Factors affecting the exchange rate are critical in determining the price of Ringgit Malaysia. A stable and predictable exchange rate will help the economy of a country to grow. If we know the significant factors affecting the exchange rate, we will be able to predict and determent what is the price of Ringgit Malaysia. Many studies have been conducted to determine the determinants of exchange rate and most studies are done used different methods and approaches on how to evaluate the exchange rate. However, the results obtain by some of these studies such as Louis Kujis (1998), Eiteman et al (2001), Otuori, O. H. (2013) and Fracis Fong (2006) differs. This is due to the fact that the results are influenced by the changes of countries’ internal conditions and the macroeconomic environment. U nfortunately, most of the studies concentrate only on major currencies like US dollar and pound sterling but not Ringgit Malaysia. Furthermore, Ringgit Malaysia had also shown potential and its immunization against financial crisis like the sub-prime mortgage in mid 2008. However, there has been little reference when analyzing the Ringgit Malaysia’s price determinates. Besides that, by using the same determinants and quantitative methods, the result for Ringgit Malaysia might differ from the result obtain towards the major currencies, as there could possibly be other factors not important in the developed countries that affects the Ringgit Malaysia or vice versa. Therefore, this paper is to attempt to fill in the gap by investigating determinates of Ringgit Malaysia hence make it possible to predict the price of Ringgit Malaysia. 1.3 Research Question The key research question asked is thus: â€Å"What are the factors affecting the exchange rate of Ringgit Malaysia against US dollar?† 1.4 Research Objective To explore the determinates of Ringgit Malaysia To evaluate the relationship between price of Ringgit Malaysia and major macroeconomic variables 1.5 Significant of Study Many studies had done to investigate the factors affecting the exchange rate. It had no doubt that exchange rate will an important topic to study. Exchange rate is influence by both countries’ internal conditions and also the macroeconomic variables. Most studies done are concentrating the major currencies like the US dollar, Euro dollar and British Pound Sterling. The result obtained from this research will be compare and check with these prior researches. Furthermore, most of these prior studies are done on developed countries’ currencies; this paper will also attempt to check for any similarity or differences between the currencies from developed countries and developing countries. In conjunction, the lack of studies done concerning the exchange rate of Ringgit Malaysia, this paper is done with the hope of assisting and helping more research that will be done on exchange rate of Ringgit Malaysia in the future. 1.6 Scope of Study This paper studies the impact of interest rate, inflation rate, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Balance of Payment (BOP) toward the exchange rate of Ringgit Malaysia. Quarterly data are used in this paper. 40 observations were used to carry on this study. However, due to the lack of data point from some variables, the sample size of this study had readjusted to 32 with a sample period of 2006 to 2013. 1.7 Outline Research Chapter 1 consists of the general background and aim of this paper. Besides, this chapter has briefly explained the problem to be investigated, the objectives and the significance of this study. Chapter 2 provides the literature review and more detailed facts about how the investigation will be carried. Hence, prior research theories that are related to this topic are presented. Using the theories previous discovered by other researchers, a framework will be constructed to analyze the volatility of exchange rate of Ringgit Malaysia from the data collected. The journals collected are from different sources; there include the online databases, journal articles and books. Chapter 3 presents the methodology and the data used in this research for analyzing the volatility of exchange rate of Ringgit Malaysia. Here, this chapter also explains how the investigating had been done. Furthermore, this chapter is divided into parts such as theoretical framework, sample of analysis and the hypothesis-testing framework. Chapter 4 describes and explains the empirical results and data analysis of the result obtained. It consists of statistical reports, and how do these reports related to the topic studied. Above all, this chapter mainly analyzes the relationship between the dependent variables and its determinants. Chapter 5 will summarizes and highlights all the key finding of the study. The conclusion will be a summary of the overall analysis and investigation done in the study.